Americans Attitude Change in the 60s Essay - 2240 Words

Question 1: For many Americans, the 1960s began with JFK’s â€Å"Age of Camelot,† an era that seemed to exude confidence in American institutions. Yet, by the early 1970s, those expectations and attitudes seemed to be replaced by a sense of bitterness and cynicism. Discuss and analyze the causes and consequences of this profound attitudinal shift. Question 3: How did official US policy towards Vietnam change between 1950 and 1975? How did American leaders link events in Vietnam to national security interests? How did the American public react to the war in the sixties and early seventies? Answer: These two questions are so intertwined with one another that combining the two answers is the most efficient way of telling the story. Vietnam was†¦show more content†¦Within the center of this division lay Berlin. Russia’s communist intentions were becoming clearer to western powers. Stalin had no plans to back down from further conflict. In 1946, Churchill delivered the â€Å"Iron Curtain† speech, symbolizing future relations with the communist powers. In 1947, U.S. president Truman established his famous doctrine of containment policy, which outlined in vague terms the west’s distain and containment intentions of further communist expansion by Russia. In 1948, Americans witnessed the pressurized showdown in Berlin between western forces and Russian occupiers, which eventually led to the division of Germany, and the construction of the Berlin Wall. Once, the Russians began developing and testing nuclear weapons, and the subsequent development o f space flight, Americans placed their lives in the hands of their government to handle this new, Cold War. The baby boom generation grew up in this environment. They grew up with missile drills and McCarthy’s witch-hunt of communists within the government. Communism was something to be feared, and America knew it. The election of 1960 brought hope to much of America, despite the close margin of victory for the Kennedy camp. JFK himself had been a war hero, and was viewed by Americans as determined to win the cold war. JFK was an attractive man, had a beautiful wife, and a seemingly perfect family. â€Å"The best and theShow MoreRelatedAmericans Attitude Change in the 60s2293 Words   |  10 PagesQuestion 1: For many Americans, the 1960s began with JFKs Age of Camelot, an era that seemed to exude confidence in American institutions. Yet, by the early 1970s, those expectations and attitudes seemed to be replaced by a sense of bitterness and cynicism. Discuss and analyze the causes and consequences of this profound attitudinal shift. Question 3: How did official US policy towards Vietnam change between 1950 and 1975? How did American leaders link events in Vietnam to national securityRead MoreThe Influene of World War II on the Social Norm and Art Movements of America1779 Words   |  7 PagesOnce World War II ended, it was like large weight had been lifted of the shoulders of not only the American people. In light of the heavy tole that this war, a preceding depression the nation was ready for a time of peace. The decade after this era stood in contrast, with numerous riots and turbulence due to major social changes. Because of this major contrast in two adjacent decades in history, many historians have come to conclusion that the fifties were a time of conformity, and collectednessRead MoreThe American Reaction to Involvement in Vietnam Essay862 Words   |  4 PagesThe American Reaction to Involvement in Vietnam In the early 60s, most Americans were very ignorant about Vietnam. They just saw it as a little concern. They were an extremely confident nation who had never lost a war to date, and whose resources were limitless. So they naturally assumed that all their weapons and firepower would ensure victory in a couple of months. Patriotism was very strong in America at that time. Many people remembered the McCarthy trials of theRead MoreBlack Like Me By John Howard Griffin1410 Words   |  6 Pageswill share personal thoughts and feelings on American Racial Relations. This week’s modules on American Racial Relations, which include Prejudice, Racism, and Oppression, have shown to be very a powerful, and influential topic. Throughout the history of the United States, and for as long as I can remember, racism between Black and White Americans has shown to be a major issue. The history of American racism has likely altered current behaviors and attitudes of each group toward one another, such asRead MoreThe Effects of The Beatles Legacy1271 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica in the 50’s and early 60’s was a conservative country having recently been involved in World War II and the Korean war, and now facing the rising tide of communism. Americans were missing that little bit of excitement in their lives and people were very inhibited. They needed an outlet to let their suppressed feelings out. Then came four lads from England that would soon shock the world, who called themselves the Beatles. The Beatles in the 1960’s positively impacted America by changing theRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement, By Martin Luther King s Assassination And The Poor People s March1522 Words   |  7 Pagesri ghts movement is a period of time where sequences of events caused changes in attitudes and social operations, which spread across America and in turn also caused other sequences of events that proliferated their rebellion of the past attitudes. The movement rebelled against the overt racism that plagued ‘The Land of the Free,’ which has caused suffering for countless. This movement lasted roughly from the mid 1950’s to late 60’s, however there is no real definition of the start and end. It is generallyRead MoreAgeism Essay881 Words   |  4 Pageslongevity. In a study published by the American Psychological Association, Yale School of Public Health professor Becca Levy and her colleagues concluded that old people with positive perceptions of aging lived an average of 7.5 years longer than those with negative images of growing older (Associated Press, 2004). Levy said many Americans start developing stereotypes about the elderly during childhood, reinforce them throughout adulthood, and enter old age with attitudes toward their own age group as unfavorableRead MoreMusic Of The 60s Help Shape Modern Australian Society1259 Words   |  6 Pages In what ways did music in the 60s help shape modern Australian society â€Å"People today are still living off the table scraps of the sixties. They are still being passed around - the music and the ideas.† This was pronounced by Bob Dylan, a folk musician of the sixties: an era in which the music heavily influenced the culture of the time and continues to influence the music and culture today. The music and artists of the 60s influenced radio and television, the music, fashion and lifestyles of theRead MoreCommunity Nutrition Project For Collier County937 Words   |  4 PagesThis paper will explore a food related issue in Collier County and depict a summary of a local program that gives nutrition support. This program will show how it enhances the health among Collier’s County’s low-income elderly, that are residents aged 60 and over. This paper will introduce a community nutrition program idea that will include a clear goal, detail specific aims, draw an action plan and have an evaluation plan that will collect data to confirm t he program is working. Community NutritionRead MoreAfrican American Women and Culture Surrounding Perinatal Depression1588 Words   |  7 PagesAfrican American Women While child birth should be a time in a women life that is full of joy many soon to be mothers or new mother can experience not so happy emotions that take the joy out of motherhood which usually to leads to a depression. Depression during the perinatal period can be dangerous for the mother and her child. Many have said that perinatal depression is huge among many low income African American women because of their attitudes about being label they don’t seek treatment for

Essay about Censorship of the Internet - 2821 Words

Censorship of the Internet The Internet offers a huge wealth of information, both good and bad. The Internet began as a small university network in the United States and since then has blossomed into one of the biggest if not the biggest telecommunications network covering the entire world. It can be considered as one of the most valuable types of technology. During the past several years we have come to become more and more dependent on the Internet and in particular moving huge chunks of data across large distances. The Internet allows people to communicate with each other across the world within mere fractions of seconds with the help of E-mail. The Internet also allows for expressing opinions and obtaining up-to-date information†¦show more content†¦Birth of the Internet During the Cold War era, the American military started developing ideas as to how it would protect itself from an attack where communications would not go down even if the center of the network would be attacked. So the solution was that their network would have no central authority. They began developing the idea of nodes in different locations making up a huge network where they would all have equal status, each one having its own authority to originate, pass and receive messages. The messages itself would be broken down into smaller units or packets, each of these separately addressed. Each packet would begin at some source node and end at some other destination node. But the most important aspect of this network was that it didn’t matter what route each of these packets took as long as they reached their final destination. So this solved the problem that even if huge parts of the network were destroyed the message would still reach the destination taking a different route. This system seemed to be very efficient as compared to the phone system. In I969 the first such node was installed in UCLA and by December 1969 there were four nodes on the network. This network was called ARPANET, after its Pentagon sponsor. This network grew and scientists and researchers started sharing each others computers facilities over long distances. Eventually, ARPANET made this computer sharing network into a dedicated, high-speed, federally subsidizedShow MoreRelatedCensorship And Censorship Of The Internet985 Words   |  4 Pagesissue of Censorship of the Internet in America has become a trending topic. The internet has been commonly censored to comply with the Digital Millennium Rights Act, but in recent times our government has been requesting more aggressive censorship in order to provide a safer cyberspace. If the American government began to censor the internet, the restriction will result in suppression of freedom of the press, hindering freedom of speech, and reduce the plethora of information on the internet. If AmericaRead MoreCensorship And Censorship Of The Internet1754 Words   |  8 PagesCensorship of the Internet is on the rise in highly populated states today. Although the Internet is considered as one of the most significant tools for the public sphere, many users have decried the Internet’s benefits and seen the Internet as a ‘double-edged sword’. Even as the Internet connects most of the world and gives valuable access to information, the same tool allows access to material that may be considered dangerous or harmful. The recent increase in discussion on the act of censorshipRead MoreThe Censorship Of Internet Censorship3057 Words   |  13 Pages Internet Censorship Student’s Name: Institution Name: Internet Censorship Internet censorship refers to the suppression and control of what people can access, publish, or view on the cyberspace (Reynolds, 2014). It may be done by regimes or private firms at the command of the government. It can be a government’s initiative is or carried out by regulators. Organizations and individuals may practice self-censorship for religious, business or moral reasons to comply with societal normsRead MoreInternet Censorship And The Internet941 Words   |  4 Pages More than two decades ago, the Internet was yet to be ubiquitous in the homes of the general public around the world. Today, global users of the Internet has surpassed the 3 billion mark, or approximately 45% of the world population, a trend that is not likely to slow down anytime soon (World Internet Users Statistics and 2015 World Population Stats, 2014). The idealistic vision of self-governance of the Internet has proved to be insufficient and threats to the Internet’s core principles areRe ad MoreThe Internet and Censorship940 Words   |  4 PagesThe internet is a diverse pool of information that anyone nowadays can have access to. One of the more controversial topics that involves the internet, is the censorship of the internet. Internet censorship can be defined as the control or suppression of what can be accessed, published or viewed on the internet. It’s been hot topic in recent years because many government organizations have been trying to pass many reforms to help push the censorship of the internet, either directly or indirectlyRead MoreInternet Censorship1799 Words   |  8 PagesTechnologies Used In Internet Censorship and Control Murdoch (2013) opines the Internet as an entity where control is always fought over for by those that use it. He further demystifies the internet, breaking it down to the two protocols that define it. These are the transmission control protocol – TCP- and the Internet Protocol –Ip. It is these protocols that enable the connection of two separate networks to each other. The protocols enable the easy connection of separate networks, without theRead MoreThe Importance Of Internet Censorship1378 Words   |  6 PagesInternet Censorship The Internet has become a growing source of entertainment and information over the past years. As more and more people become familiar with the Internet, the potential of its contents grows rapidly, at an uncontrollable rate. With something such as the Internet, which contains virtually an infinite amount of space, more is being added than taken away. Therefore with the growing amount of users, the content grows as well. Different people use the Internet for different things withRead MoreCensorship on the Internet Essay908 Words   |  4 PagesCensorship on the Internet Five years after the first world wide web was launched at the end of 1991, The Internet has become very popular in the United States. Although President Clinton already signed the 1996 Telecommunication ActI on Thursday Feb 8, 1996, the censorship issue on the net still remains unresolved. In fact, censorship in cyberspace is unconscionable and impossible. Trying to censor the Internet its problematic because the net is an international issue, there is no standard forRead MoreInternet Censorship Essay1329 Words   |  6 PagesInternet Censorship Used Around The World Some people wonder who came up with the idea of internet censorship. Other people want to know which countries use it. Some ponder over the idea of what really is internet censorship. Internet censorship is controlling what can be viewed, and which sites can be used on the internet. Some things about internet censorship are countries that use it, and who started the idea of it. There are lots of countries that use internet censorship. A few of them are ChinaRead MoreInternet Censorship Essay886 Words   |  4 PagesInternet Censorship Presently, it seems that the Internet is playing a very important role in everyones daily life. This multipurpose network has many different functions useful for everyday work and entertainment. Due to the freedom of the Internet various debates and protests have come to disagree with its open form of communication. Because of the misuse of the internet many people believe that there should be some kind of internet censorship, while others are against internet censorship

Essay about International Business Communication - 2078 Words

Part I My fast-food franchise has been cleared start a business in United Arab Emirates, Israel, Mexico, and China. I will now begin the construction of my restaurants. The financing of my business will come from the United Arab Emirates, the materials will come from China and Mexico, the technology and engineering will come from Israel, and the labor in the restaurants will consist of hiring employees within the countries that the business is in. My management team from the United States will be in charge of hiring employees for the restaurants. There will be a big meeting at the headquarters located in the United States to provide and explain the project and to help everyone become acquainted with one another. While attending the†¦show more content†¦The lack of intercultural communication and interaction between the groups are personal space, eye contact, and ethnocentricity. Ethnocentricity is lacking because each of the groups may speak a different language and does not have a clear understanding of another language. The groups are lacking eye contact because they are no together and communicating effectively with the use of eye contact. Personal space is another lack of intercultural communication and interaction between the groups, because each of the groups are staying to their own personal space and it seems as though they may feel uncomfortable if they were not in their own personal space Some cultures can feel uncomfortable and insult others, when there is a lack of cultural understanding. To help the groups get together, I have researched the economic, political, educational, and social systems of each of the groups. The United Arab Emirates income is the highest in the whole world. The industry, commerce, construction, transportation, free trade zones, farming, tourism, communications, and farming has grew, due to the decline in the prices of oil and the government tried to diversify the national economy(Countries and Their Cultures, 2013). The political system in the UAE consist of a federal government that is made up of the cabinet, Supreme Council, FederalShow MoreRelatedInternational Business Communications Essay1332 Words   |  6 Pagesboundaries. Business transformed from one country activity to part of an interdependent international network. As Damen writes â€Å"One cannot live very long and remain totally monocultural in the modern world† (1990, 56). However, international business communications do not effective every time. A wide range of business firms found that their employees were ill equipped for overseas work in the globalizing market. In this case study, Molly and Daniel found that there was a problem in communication betweenRead MoreThe Importance of Understanding Cultural Differences in International Business Communications950 Words   |  4 Pagesglobalization, organizations rely on international transactions to take place to keep their business running. Even with knowledge of how important international interactions are for their companies’ success, miscommunication occurs and someone involved in the transaction is left scratching his or her head. This is a result of the lack of cultural training and understanding. This paper will discuss the different implications that have been discussed in the international business world. This paper will addressRead MoreImportance Of Writing, Speaking And Listening On International Business Communication948 Words   |  4 PagesImportance Of Writing, Speaking And Listening In International Business Communication Communication is one of the basic thing in life. People may buy product and using services with communication. In the business world, communication become more and more important. It is the essence of organisation to lead forward among its competitor. According to Mary Ellen Guffey by good communication in organisation one may be able to work successfully in all team environments especially if members do not meetRead MoreInternational Business Case Study: Communication Across Cultures1604 Words   |  7 Pagescomplexity and ambiguity facing the managers of large multinational companies. The specific focus of this case is to address the repercussions that can occur by using inadequate communication methods, given the importance and complexity of a situation. Also, the case addresses the possibility of cross cultural communication misinterpretation leading to confusion and confrontation amongst the parties involved. The objective of this qualitative analysis is to utilize both theor y and practical knowledgeRead MoreInternational Business Communications : Unit 4- Negotiations And Cross Cultural Approaches1136 Words   |  5 Pages International Business Communications (MGM316 -1603A -05) Instructor: Jason Sheedy Unit 4- Negotiations and Cross-Cultural Approaches Amanda Kranning July 22, 2016 From a relative perspective, effective communication proves imperative in aiding efficient business transactions. The different cultures and nations involved in the launch of the fast-food franchise should aim at understanding one another’s culture despite their differences between culture, language, and way of lifeRead MoreChallenges of International Business Management1037 Words   |  5 PagesCHALLENGES OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT What are the challenges of International Business Management? International business management is a term that is used collectively to describe all commercial transactions which include; †¢ Private †¢ Governmental †¢ Sales †¢ Investments †¢ Transportation The above take place between two or more nations. It involves all business activities which partake in cross border activities of goods, services and resources between nations. PrivateRead MoreInternal And External Factors Affecting International Business Environment And The Trade Barriers Essay971 Words   |  4 Pageslevel of interaction between them and international business is considered as one of the mechanisms used in trade globalization. A lot of challenges and opportunities for international business arises and need to be studied in addition to strategies used to seize these opportunities and to overcome the potential barriers. 1.2 Research objective The objective of this research is to study all the internal and external factors affecting the international business environment and the trade barriers thatRead MoreThe Importance of Effective Cross Cultural Communication in International Business (Research Proposal)2551 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿Table of Contents List of Abbreviations Abbreviation Meaning CCC Cross Cultural Communication GLOBE Global Leadership and Organisational Behavior Effectiveness Research Program List of Tables Table 1 shows the advancements of Halls theory over time. The table is based on (Hall, 1976) (House, Hanges, Javidan, Dorfman, Gupta, 2004) (Trompenaars Hempden- Turner, 1997).....................................................................................5 Read More Entering International Markets Essays2595 Words   |  11 Pages Entering International Markets Measuring a potential business venture has many aspects which the international manager must be aware of in order to convey the correct information back to the decision makers. Being ignorant to any of the aspects can lead to a false representation of the project, and hence an uninformed decision being passed. In order for a business to survive it must grow. For growth to be optimal, management must first be able to identify the most attractive prospective leadsRead MoreInternational Business Ventures2671 Words   |  11 PagesInternational Business Ventures Measuring a potential business venture has many aspects which the international manager must be aware of in order to convey the correct information back to the decision makers. Being ignorant to any of the aspects can lead to a false representation of the project, and hence an uninformed decision being passed. In order for a business to survive it must grow. For growth to be optimal, management must first be able to identify the most attractive prospective leads

Issue of visa in Australia Answers for Students-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Prepare a letter of opinion for Emily as to your proposed response to the Notice of Intention to Consider Refusal under s.501(1) of the Migration Act. Answer: To Emily The rules and procedures related to the issue of visa in Australia are governed by the Migration Act 1958 and Migration Regulation 1994[1]. When a person applies for an Australian visa he or she has to go through a character test. In this test the minster or his delegates decide that the person is fit to be given a visa or not based on his or her character. The minister has discretionary powers determine whether or not to provide a visa to a person based of character. Section 501 of the Migration Act 1958 deals with provisions related to character test[2]. According to Subsection 1 of the section the minister can refuse to provide a person an Australia visa if he is not adequately satisfied by his or her character requirements. Subsection 2 further provides that the minister has the authority to cancel the visa even if he has suspicion that a person would not be able to overcome the character test[3]. The minster may not only oppose the grant of visa to a person he can also cancel a visa which has already been granted. The minister can also rely of the fact that in order to attain best interest for the nation the visa has to be refused. The section further states that natural justice is not applicable in relation to the decisions of the minister[4]. There are circumstances in which a minister has to cancel a visa application of a person as provided in Subsection 3. The minister has the obligation of canceling a visa application if the applicant has a substantial criminal record or has been indulged in a sexual offence related to a child. When a person is already serving an imprisonment sentence for a crime against the commonwealth in a full time basis his or her visa application is also liable to be canceled. The minister can only personally exercise the powers under this section. Subsection 6 provides the provisions related to the required character test. A person fails to pass the character test if he has a substantial criminal record as provided in subsection 7. The person while in immigration detention has committed an offence along with other specified offences according to the Act. The minister will also take into account the present and past of both general and criminal conduct of the person and if found that the person d oes not have a good character than the visa is liable to be rejected. The minister has to determine the fact that whether or not such person would be a threat to the Australian community by engaging in criminal and immoral activities such as harassment, molestation, stalking, vilifying and inciting discord if such person is allowed to say in Australia. The person would also fail the character test if it is found that he or she has been involved in genocide, inhuman crime, war crime, crime like slavery and torture and crimes of significant international concerns[5]. Subsection 7 further provides that a person fails the character test with respect to a substantial criminal record if the person is facing a death sentence, life imprisonment sentence, sentences of more than twelve months of imprisonment and two or more sentences combined to become more than twelve months. The person also is deemed to have a substantial criminal record if he or she has been released of a sentence because of insanity or unsound mind[6]. The ministers have to take into out directors provided by the Minister direction No. 55 when they decide whether to refuse or cancel a visa. The delegates and the minister are compelled to consider a few factors provided by the directions[7]. The factors are divided into primary factors and secondary factors. The primary conditions which the ministers need to consider according to the directors are related to the protection of Australian community from criminal conducts, benefits of minors in Australia and international obligations owed by the person. The decision maker also has to consider the nature, duration and strength of the ties of the person with Australia. The minister also has to take into account a few secondary obligations in order to refuse or cancel a visa. The obligations include the effect of visa cancelation on immediate family of the person residing in Australia, business interest of Australia and general person belonging to the Australian community[8]. An application to the Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) can be made by the applicant whose visa has been refused based on the conditions of Section 501 of the MA[9]. The status of application will depend on whether the refusal has been made by the delegates or the ministers himself[10]. The decision which has been made by the delegate can be review by the AAT, however a decision which has directly been made by the mister is not eligible for a review. The AAT reviews the decision made by the delegates to determine its merit. The ministers also have the power to overrule the decision of the DIAC in certain circumstances according to Administrative Appeals Tribunal Act 1975(Cth), s 43(1)[11]. The misters can also overrule the decision even when the appeal of the person is lying with the AAT. All the decision to cancel or refuse a visa by the delegates or the minster personally under section 501 of the MA are subjected to a judicial by the high court. The duty of the courts in this case is only to decide whether or not the decision has been made lawfully instead of the correctness of the decision. In case the court discovers that the refusal of visa has been subjected to jurisdictional error the court will prevent the original decision and transfer it back to the authorities for reconsideration. A bridging visa is a kind of visa which is issued by the authority when the applicant in in Australian on a substantial visa and has applied for another substantial visa and waiting for a decision. A person whose visa application has been rejected based on character grounds is eligible to appeal for a bridging visa if an appeal related to the decision is filed by such person. If a bridging visa class A or B is issued to a person he can stay in Australia for the period prescribed by the bridging visa. A person can also travel in and out of Australia if he or she is eligible for Bridging B visa. Response to the letter of intention to cancel the visa has to be done within the prescribed time period. The time period for such response has to be calculated. The person whose visa is intended to be canceled must write to the minister or delegates reasons against the visa cancelation. The person has to provide the office with a written statement to why the visa application should not be refused[12]. The written application may include both primary and secondary conditions as prescribed by the ministers directions. In case the visa application is is rejected by the DIAC the appeal against the decision has to be filed within nine days from the date of notice. A partners visa has been applied by Emily in this case. She is in Australia currently on a tourist visa. In order to be eligible for a partner visa Emily has to pass the character test. The mister has the discretion to decide whether or not Emily is eligible to pass the character test. The power has been provided to the minister based on s 501 of the MA as discussed above. The minister has the authority to reject the visa of a person based any substantial criminal record in the past of present character. The visa application of Emily is also entitled to be canceled if the minister has suspicion on Emily that she would fail the character test. The minister would determine the fact that would the national interest be put to a risk in case the visa is issued to Emily. The minster has no obligation to consider natural justice with respect to his decision. Based on the above discussion the mister has the right to cancel the visa application if Emily has a substantial criminal record. Acco rding to subsection 501(6) discussed above a person who has undergone more than twelve months of imprisonment is deemed to have a substantial criminal record. In this case Emily has served a sentence accounting to thirteen months in her home country for shop lifting. Therefore the minister is entitled to refuse her visa application based on her criminal record. However the DIAC has only issued the notice in relation to their intention of canceling the visa and are yet to issue a final decision. As discussed above Emily has chance to make a written submission to DIAC on why her visa should not be canceled. The minister has to consider the provisions of the ministers directions No 55 discussed above to decide the application[13]. The minister would primarily judge the submission of Emily based on the fact that whether she would cause any threat to the Australian community or not. one the minister is satisfied with the fact that Emily does not pose any risk to the Australia community which he should given the past record of Emily he has to take into account the secondary conditions of the Ministers directions. According to the secondary condition the mister has to consider if the visa is refused would any Australian citizen related to the applicant would be effected or not. in this case if the visa is not granted it would definitely have an ad verse impact on the son and husband of Emily who are Australian citizens[14]. On the other hand the minster has to consider the economy impact which the refusal would have on the Australian economy. Emily is a joint owner of an salmon farm with her husband. The farm provides employment to many Australian citizens and is predicted to grow over the years. In case the visa is not granted to Emily there would be an adverse effect to the Australian economy. Moreover Emily had not been in proper mental condition while she committed the offence and has come a long way since then. The minister has substantial evidence to believe that she would not be a threat to the Australian community. Emily has not committed any substantial crime like sexual offence involving a child or association with any unwanted organization[15]. However even if the visa application of Emily is rejected she can appeal against the rejection in the AAT in case the application has not been rejected by the minister by himself. The AAT would decide the application based on merit of the decision and in case it decides to uphold the appeal it would revert its decisions to the DIAC. However in case the AAT rejects the application off Emily or the application was decided by the minister himself, she can appeal against the decision in the federal court. The court will judge the appeal based on the point of law and not its merits. In case the court finds that the DIAC has made any legal error in relation to the decision it would revert the same to the DIAC. In case the minster decides the appeal or the AAT refuses the appeal there is very bleak chance that the federal court will overturn the decision as the court only decides the appeals in the point of law only and there is little chance that there would be a legal error in this case[16]. However the AAT can judge the appeal based on its merits and submissions made by Emily. Emily in this case is also eligible to apply for a bridging visa if she decides to appeal against the decision. The visa would allow Emily to stay in Australia 28 days after her appeal has been decided. The visa may also have the condition that Emily might travel in and out of Australia till her visa application or review is adjudged. Yours sincerely References Abbott, Malcolm, and Bruce Cohen. "The accountability of ministerial staff in Australia."Australian Journal of Political Science49.2 (2014): 316-333. Administrative Appeals Tribunal Act 1975(Cth), s 43(1) Beine, Michel, et al. "Measuring immigration policies: preliminary evidence from IMPALA."CESifo Economic Studies61.3-4 (2015): 527-559. Bulterman, M. K and Willem J. M. van Genugten, Netherlands Yearbook Of International Law 2013 Fan, Mary. "The Law of Immigration and Crime." (2013 Hollifield, James, Philip Martin, and Pia Orrenius.Controlling immigration: A global perspective. Stanford University Press, 2014. Jenkins, Henry Alfred, Examination Of Legislation In Accordance With The Human Rights (Parliamentary Scrutiny) Act 2011 M Bagaric, K Boyd, D Penny , S Tongue and J Vrachnas, Migration and Refugee Law in Australia: Cases and Commentary (Cambridge University Press, 2013) p 264 Migration Act 1958 Migration Amendment (Strengthening the Character Test and Other Provisions) Act 2011(Cth) Migration regulation 1994 Ministerial Direction No. 55, note3, Annex A, Section 2, para 3(2). Newman, Louise, Nicholas Proctor, and Michael Dudley. "Seeking asylum in Australia: immigration detention, human rights and mental health care."Australasian Psychiatry21.4 (2013): 315-320. Sanggaran, John-Paul, Bridget Haire, and Deborah Zion. "The health care consequences of Australian immigration policies."PLoS Med13.2 (2016): e1001960. Wright, Chris F. "How do states implement liberal immigration policies? Control signals and skilled immigration reform in Australia."Governance27.3 (2014): 397-421 Wright, Penny, Framework And Operation Of Subclass 457 Visas, Enterprise Migration Agreements And Regional Migration Agreement Migration regulation 1994 Migration Amendment (Strengthening the Character Test and Other Provisions) Act 2011(Cth) Migration Act 1958 Fan, Mary. "The Law of Immigration and Crime." (2013 Beine, Michel, et al. "Measuring immigration policies: preliminary evidence from IMPALA."CESifo Economic Studies61.3-4 (2015): 527-559. Jenkins, Henry Alfred, Examination Of Legislation In Accordance With The Human Rights (Parliamentary Scrutiny) Act 2011 Bulterman, M. K and Willem J. M. van Genugten, Netherlands Yearbook Of International Law 201 Ministerial Direction No. 55, note3, Annex A, Section 2, para 3(2). Hollifield, James, Philip Martin, and Pia Orrenius.Controlling immigration: A global perspective. Stanford University Press, 2014. Wright, Penny, Framework And Operation Of Subclass 457 Visas, Enterprise Migration Agreements And Regional Migration Agreements Administrative Appeals Tribunal Act 1975(Cth), s 43(1) M Bagaric, K Boyd, D Penny , S Tongue and J Vrachnas, Migration and Refugee Law in Australia: Cases and Commentary (Cambridge University Press, 2013) p 264 Abbott, Malcolm, and Bruce Cohen. "The accountability of ministerial staff in Australia."Australian Journal of Political Science49.2 (2014): 316-333. Sanggaran, John-Paul, Bridget Haire, and Deborah Zion. "The health care consequences of Australian immigration policies."PLoS Med13.2 (2016): e1001960. Newman, Louise, Nicholas Proctor, and Michael Dudley. "Seeking asylum in Australia: immigration detention, human rights and mental health care."Australasian Psychiatry21.4 (2013): 315-320. Wright, Chris F. "How do states implement liberal immigration policies? Control signals and skilled immigration reform in Australia."Governance27.3 (2014): 397-4